How computer-generated fake papers are flooding academia

Discussion in 'Blazers OT Forum' started by Denny Crane, Feb 28, 2014.

  1. Denny Crane

    Denny Crane It's not even loaded! Staff Member Administrator

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    http://www.theguardian.com/technolo...puter-generated-fake-papers-flooding-academia

    More and more academic papers that are essentially gobbledegook are being written by computer programs – and accepted at conferences

    Like all the best hoaxes, there was a serious point to be made. Three MIT graduate students wanted to expose how dodgy scientific conferences pestered researchers for papers, and accepted any old rubbish sent in, knowing that academics would stump up the hefty, till-ringing registration fees.

    It took only a handful of days. The students wrote a simple computer program that churned out gobbledegook and presented it as an academic paper. They put their names on one of the papers, sent it to a conference, and promptly had it accepted. The sting, in 2005, revealed a farce that lay at the heart of science.

    But this is the hoax that keeps on giving. The creators of the automatic nonsense generator, Jeremy Stribling, Dan Aguayo and Maxwell Krohn, have made the SCIgen program free to download. And scientists have been using it in their droves. This week, Nature reported, French researcher Cyril Labbé revealed that 16 gobbledegook papers created by SCIgen had been used by German academic publisher Springer. More than 100 more fake SCIgen papers were published by the US Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). Both organisations have now taken steps to remove the papers.

    Hoaxes in academia are nothing new. In 1996, mathematician Alan Sokal riled postmodernists by publishing a nonsense paper in the leading US journal, Social Text. It was laden with meaningless phrases but, as Sokal said, it sounded good to them. Other fields have not been immune. In 1964, critics of modern art were wowed by the work of Pierre Brassau, who turned out to be a four-year-old chimpanzee. In a more convoluted case, Bernard-Henri Lévy, one of France's best-known philosophers, was left to ponder his own expertise after quoting the lectures of Jean-Baptiste Botul as evidence that Kant was a fake, only to find out that Botul was the fake, an invention of a French reporter.

    More at the link
     
  2. Denny Crane

    Denny Crane It's not even loaded! Staff Member Administrator

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    Good thing we have a peer review process.
     
  3. BLAZER PROPHET

    BLAZER PROPHET Well-Known Member

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    This reminds me of S2...
     
  4. maxiep

    maxiep RIP Dr. Jack

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    Ham sandwich nullifies Peter Pan marching on a hobo molecule.
     
  5. barfo

    barfo triggered obsessive commie pinko boomer maniac Staff Member Global Moderator

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    This is great news. Finally academics can be freed from the drudgery of composing gibberish by hand, leaving them more time for the important work of stabbing each other in the back.

    barfo
     
  6. Denny Crane

    Denny Crane It's not even loaded! Staff Member Administrator

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    Better yet - you can defend gibberish that argues for Man Made Global Warming. The gibberish is, after all, peer reviewed. Something that seems important to you.
     
  7. BlazerCaravan

    BlazerCaravan Hug a Bigot... to Death

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    Such a predictable endgame.

    Some businesses are highly inefficient and exploit the poor. Therefore capitalism is worthless.
     
  8. jlprk

    jlprk The ESPN mod is insane.

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    Denny dislikes science in global warming threads, but lovingly quotes long excerpts from science in the Fukushima thread. As Reagan would say, there's no truth, it's all political.
     
  9. Denny Crane

    Denny Crane It's not even loaded! Staff Member Administrator

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    I'm fine with science. It's when it mixes with politics that it gets corrupted.

    I don't see any agenda going on with Fukushima, other than to keep people as safe as possible considering the power plants were damaged in a massive tsunami. The tsunami actually killed a lot of people, Fukushima not any but a couple of workers on the first day.
     
  10. 3RA1N1AC

    3RA1N1AC 00110110 00111001

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    inorganic evolutionary deviations involving rudimentary interplanetary communications compounded infinitely in conjunction with psychotropic hallucinatory government sanctioned experimentation
     
  11. MARIS61

    MARIS61 Real American

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    fify.
     
  12. Denny Crane

    Denny Crane It's not even loaded! Staff Member Administrator

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    You fixed it for YOU.

    Wrong again ;)
     
  13. 3RA1N1AC

    3RA1N1AC 00110110 00111001

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    The Impact of Self Perpetuating Internet Opinions in Relation to Penis Size

    3ra1n1ac

    Abstract

    The exploration of huge cocks has explored redundancy, and current trends suggest that the construction of the producer-consumer problem will soon emerge. In fact, few system administrators would disagree with the understanding of symmetric encryption. Our focus in our research is not on whether sensor networks and the memory bus are often incompatible, but rather on proposing a virtual tool for improving linked lists (LOREL).
    Table of Contents

    1) Introduction
    2) Architecture
    3) Implementation
    4) Performance Results
    4.1) Hardware and also Flaccid Cocks too
    4.2) Experimental Results
    5) Related Work
    6) Conclusion
    1 Introduction


    Recent advances in penis growth technology information and modular archetypes are based entirely on the assumption that digital-to-analog converters [8] and Smalltalk are not in conflict with local-area networks. The notion that steganographers agree with forward-error correction is generally well-received. Certainly, two properties make this solution perfect: LOREL turns the client-server symmetries sledgehammer into a scalpel, and also LOREL observes SMPs. However, local-area networks alone may be able to fulfill the need for modular communication.

    Contrarily, this approach is fraught with difficulty, largely due to amphibious symmetries [13]. Indeed, the lookaside buffer and robots have a long history of interfering in this manner. Unfortunately, courseware might not be the panacea that end-users expected. While this might seem unexpected, it fell in line with our expectations. While similar algorithms study symmetric encryption, we answer this grand challenge without developing e-business.

    A significant solution to fix this grand challenge is the refinement of checksums. The shortcoming of this type of approach, however, is that erasure coding can be made efficient, replicated, and pseudorandom. This follows from the improvement of Lamport clocks. Existing optimal and signed heuristics use RAID to deploy IPv4 [15]. This is a direct result of the analysis of journaling file systems. Though previous solutions to this grand challenge are satisfactory, none have taken the Bayesian solution we propose in this position paper.

    In this position paper we show not only that the much-touted random algorithm for the exploration of 802.11b by Sasaki et al. [3] is optimal, but that the same is true for operating systems [16]. By comparison, for example, many heuristics visualize IPv6. Two properties make this method optimal: our algorithm analyzes hash tables, and also LOREL cannot be synthesized to visualize the development of multicast algorithms. We emphasize that LOREL turns the event-driven methodologies sledgehammer into a scalpel. We view electrical engineering as following a cycle of four phases: construction, observation, creation, and evaluation. Clearly, we propose new decentralized archetypes (LOREL), arguing that congestion control and A* search can interact to address this challenge [18].

    The rest of the paper proceeds as follows. We motivate the need for the transistor. Furthermore, we disconfirm the refinement of model checking. We verify the study of congestion control. As a result, we conclude.

    2 Architecture


    We believe that each component of LOREL runs in Θ(n!) time, independent of all other components. Despite the results by Leslie Lamport et al., we can confirm that voice-over-IP and robots are continuously incompatible. The question is, will LOREL satisfy all of these assumptions? The answer is yes.


    [​IMG]
    Figure 1: The architectural layout used by our algorithm.

    LOREL relies on the significant design outlined in the recent well-known work by Ito in the field of software engineering. We show the methodology used by our methodology in Figure 1. Similarly, we hypothesize that suffix trees can be made cooperative, unstable, and unstable. Even though electrical engineers mostly hypothesize the exact opposite, LOREL depends on this property for correct behavior. Therefore, the framework that LOREL uses is feasible.

    3 Implementation


    LOREL is elegant; so, too, must be our implementation. Next, LOREL requires root access in order to harness Moore's Law. Systems engineers have complete control over the hand-optimized compiler, which of course is necessary so that the partition table and 2 bit architectures are never incompatible. It was necessary to cap the signal-to-noise ratio used by LOREL to 74 Joules.

    4 Performance Results


    Systems are only useful if they are efficient enough to achieve their goals. In this light, we worked hard to arrive at a suitable evaluation methodology. Our overall evaluation seeks to prove three hypotheses: (1) that NV-RAM space is not as important as average sampling rate when optimizing block size; (2) that SCSI disks no longer influence performance; and finally (3) that wide-area networks no longer impact system design. Our logic follows a new model: performance matters only as long as security constraints take a back seat to popularity of linked lists. Furthermore, our logic follows a new model: performance matters only as long as scalability takes a back seat to security constraints. Our evaluation strives to make these points clear.

    4.1 Hardware and Software Configuration



    [​IMG]
    Figure 2: The mean distance of LOREL, as a function of work factor.

    Though many elide important experimental details, we provide them here in gory detail. Futurists performed a hardware emulation on Intel's mobile telephones to disprove the work of German analyst A. Brown. We added 3kB/s of Ethernet access to our network. With this change, we noted degraded throughput amplification. Similarly, we added 10kB/s of Ethernet access to CERN's system. Third, we added 150MB of NV-RAM to our human test subjects to examine the latency of UC Berkeley's adaptive overlay network.


    [​IMG]
    Figure 3: The effective energy of LOREL, as a function of hit ratio.

    Building a sufficient software environment took time, but was well worth it in the end. We implemented our forward-error correction server in embedded Ruby, augmented with randomly discrete extensions. Our experiments soon proved that making autonomous our exhaustive Motorola bag telephones was more effective than autogenerating them, as previous work suggested. We made all of our software is available under a BSD license license.


    [​IMG]
    Figure 4: The expected seek time of LOREL, compared with the other frameworks.

    4.2 Experimental Results



    [​IMG]
    Figure 5: The average clock speed of our heuristic, as a function of clock speed.

    Our hardware and software modficiations prove that simulating our heuristic is one thing, but emulating it in software is a completely different story. Seizing upon this contrived configuration, we ran four novel experiments: (1) we asked (and answered) what would happen if extremely exhaustive massive multiplayer online role-playing games were used instead of symmetric encryption; (2) we compared 10th-percentile latency on the NetBSD, ErOS and FreeBSD operating systems; (3) we measured USB key space as a function of NV-RAM throughput on a Macintosh SE; and (4) we ran robots on 77 nodes spread throughout the planetary-scale network, and compared them against kernels running locally.

    Now for the climactic analysis of all four experiments. We scarcely anticipated how inaccurate our results were in this phase of the evaluation. The results come from only 6 trial runs, and were not reproducible. Third, note how emulating write-back caches rather than simulating them in courseware produce less jagged, more reproducible results.

    Shown in Figure 3, experiments (1) and (4) enumerated above call attention to our application's mean throughput. Note that Figure 5 shows the effective and not mean replicated optical drive speed. We scarcely anticipated how precise our results were in this phase of the evaluation strategy. We scarcely anticipated how precise our results were in this phase of the evaluation methodology.

    Lastly, we discuss all four experiments. Operator error alone cannot account for these results. Such a hypothesis might seem perverse but is derived from known results. On a similar note, note how emulating linked lists rather than deploying them in a chaotic spatio-temporal environment produce less discretized, more reproducible results. Third, the data in Figure 5, in particular, proves that four years of hard work were wasted on this project. This follows from the deployment of extreme programming.

    5 Related Work


    In this section, we consider alternative approaches as well as prior work. The choice of replication in [16] differs from ours in that we harness only typical technology in LOREL. Further, LOREL is broadly related to work in the field of networking by Sun et al., but we view it from a new perspective: knowledge-based archetypes [6,10]. The much-touted heuristic by Jackson [23] does not manage superblocks as well as our approach [7]. Our methodology represents a significant advance above this work. We had our method in mind before H. Sato et al. published the recent infamous work on mobile models [14].

    Though we are the first to describe the investigation of sensor networks in this light, much related work has been devoted to the visualization of symmetric encryption [12]. L. N. Suzuki [17,2,11] originally articulated the need for multicast methods [1]. The famous framework by Timothy Leary et al. [21] does not measure symmetric encryption as well as our approach. New game-theoretic models [9] proposed by Taylor et al. fails to address several key issues that LOREL does solve [24,5,19]. Our methodology is broadly related to work in the field of cryptoanalysis by Sun and Jackson [20], but we view it from a new perspective: cooperative technology [22]. In the end, note that our application caches the deployment of cache coherence, without preventing XML; therefore, LOREL runs in O(n2) time [4]. Without using erasure coding, it is hard to imagine that the famous extensible algorithm for the refinement of courseware by Amir Pnueli runs in O(2n) time.

    Several electronic and omniscient methods have been proposed in the literature. The well-known algorithm does not harness replicated theory as well as our approach. Without using suffix trees, it is hard to imagine that B-trees can be made ambimorphic, pervasive, and ambimorphic. Finally, note that our methodology locates agents; obviously, LOREL runs in Ω( log[n/logloglogn] ) time. Clearly, comparisons to this work are unreasonable.

    6 Conclusion


    Our system will overcome many of the issues faced by today's cyberneticists. Next, in fact, the main contribution of our work is that we constructed a Bayesian tool for analyzing Internet QoS (LOREL), which we used to argue that systems and systems are rarely incompatible. Further, we also presented a heuristic for read-write algorithms. We see no reason not to use our algorithm for managing congestion control.

    References

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    3ra1n1ac, and Thompson, S. Highly-available, atomic models for SMPs. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH (Apr. 1994).

    [2]
    Bhabha, O. Psychoacoustic, mobile algorithms for wide-area networks. Journal of Cacheable Archetypes 87 (Aug. 2002), 74-91.

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    Cocke, J. Investigating link-level acknowledgements using symbiotic technology. In Proceedings of WMSCI (Oct. 2000).

    [4]
    Daubechies, I., and Sun, R. Decoupling SMPs from journaling file systems in reinforcement learning. Journal of Signed, Signed Algorithms 204 (Feb. 2001), 1-15.

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    Garcia, D. R. Towards the important unification of lambda calculus and write- back caches. In Proceedings of FOCS (May 1991).

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    Garcia, I. The influence of psychoacoustic configurations on networking. In Proceedings of VLDB (June 1995).

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    Gray, J., and Hartmanis, J. Comparing 2 bit architectures and fiber-optic cables using AUBE. Journal of Automated Reasoning 44 (Jan. 2003), 1-17.

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    Gray, J., and Levy, H. Gay: A methodology for the evaluation of replication. Journal of Optimal Methodologies 570 (Oct. 2000), 1-14.

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    Harris, S. X., and White, O. The effect of multimodal configurations on networking. Journal of Homogeneous, Pseudorandom Information 4 (Oct. 2002), 74-83.

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    Hennessy, J. The impact of concurrent modalities on random software engineering. In Proceedings of the Conference on Adaptive, Trainable Modalities (Sept. 2004).

    [11]
    Hoare, C. A. R., and Anderson, T. Deconstructing telephony using RiveryMaha. Journal of Event-Driven, Collaborative Algorithms 14 (July 1999), 55-66.

    [12]
    Jones, a. An emulation of write-ahead logging. In Proceedings of VLDB (Oct. 1991).

    [13]
    Kobayashi, G., and Anderson, V. A case for the producer-consumer problem. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Read-Write, Homogeneous, Interactive Methodologies (Mar. 1967).

    [14]
    Lampson, B. The relationship between object-oriented languages and Web services with Whimper. In Proceedings of the USENIX Security Conference (Aug. 2005).

    [15]
    Maruyama, H. On the visualization of 4 bit architectures. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Encrypted, "Smart" Archetypes (Sept. 1997).

    [16]
    Robinson, Y. U., Kubiatowicz, J., and Subramanian, L. Random, certifiable technology. In Proceedings of PLDI (June 2003).

    [17]
    Sato, T., and Suryanarayanan, T. S. Write-back caches considered harmful. In Proceedings of OOPSLA (Apr. 2004).

    [18]
    Tanenbaum, A. Decoupling courseware from compilers in Smalltalk. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Flexible Symmetries (Oct. 2005).

    [19]
    Tarjan, R. Virtual machines considered harmful. In Proceedings of PODS (June 1996).

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    Thomas, X., Zhao, L., and Shastri, T. A development of access points that made studying and possibly studying lambda calculus a reality. In Proceedings of PLDI (Jan. 1992).

    [21]
    Turing, A., and Maruyama, J. Analysis of RPCs. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Real-Time, Embedded Algorithms (June 1993).

    [22]
    Welsh, M., and Harris, N. A methodology for the refinement of compilers. In Proceedings of SOSP (Mar. 1991).

    [23]
    Welsh, M., Kobayashi, U., Lakshminarayanan, K., Papadimitriou, C., Johnson, a., Harris, Z., Kaashoek, M. F., and Engelbart, D. Decoupling evolutionary programming from multicast methods in superpages. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Virtual, Distributed Modalities (Mar. 1999).

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    Yao, A., Takahashi, K., 3ra1n1ac, and Needham, R. Decoupling the World Wide Web from journaling file systems in e-business. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH (Oct. 2000).
     

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